ATCC® Number:  CCL-221™       
Designations:  DLD-1 
Depositors:   DL Dexter 
Biosafety Level: 1 
Shipped:  frozen 
Medium & Serum:  See Propagation 
Growth Properties: adherent
Organism: Homo sapiens （human） 
Morphology: epithelial

 
Source: Organ: colon
Tumor Stage: Dukes＇ type C
Disease: colorectal adenocarcinoma
Cell Type: epithelial
Cellular Products: carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） 0.5 ng/10 exp6 cells/10 days; colon antigen 3; keratin 
Permits/Forms: In addition to the MTA mentioned above, other ATCC and/or regulatory permits may be required for the transfer of this ATCC material. Anyone purchasing ATCC material is ultimately responsible for obtaining the permits. Please click here for information regarding the specific requirements for shipment to your location. 
 
Applications: transfection host （Roche FuGENE® Transfection Reagents）
Tumorigenic: Yes 
Reverse Transcript: negative 
Oncogene: myc +; myb + ; ras +; fos +; sis +; p53 +; abl -; ros -; src - 
Antigen Expression: blood type O
DNA Profile （STR）: Amelogenin: X,Y
CSF1PO: 11,12
D13S317: 8,11
D16S539: 12,13
D5S818: 13
D7S820: 10,12
THO1: 7,9.3
TPOX: 8,11
vWA: 18,19
Cytogenetic Analysis: This is a pseudodiploid human cell line with the modal chromosome number of 46, occurring in 86% of cells. The rate of polyploidy was high at 17.1%. The karyotype of the line was 46,XY,-2,+dir dup（2）（p13-p23）. The Y chromosome was slightly longer than N22 ａnd had a large segment of heterochromatic, fluorescent distal q arms.
Isoenzymes:  ES-D, 1-2
G6PD, B
PEP-D, 1
PGD, A
PGM1, 1
PGM3, 1
Age:  adult 
Gender:  male 
Comments: DLD-1 is one of two colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines which were isolated by D.L. Dexter ａnd associates during a period from 1977-1979 [23033]
DNA fingerprinting ａnd cytogenetic analyses performed at ATCC ａnd elsewhere show the line is similar to HCT-15 （CCL-225） ａnd suggest the two are of different clonal origin from the same individual. [22417]
Their genetic origin has been confirmed by DNA fingerprinting; however, cytogenetic analysis has shown that they lack concurrent marker chromosomes or concurrent numerical changes.
The cells are negative for CSAp （CSAp-）.
DLD-1 cells are positive for p53 antigen expression （the p53 antigen produced has a C -> T mutation resulting in Ser -> Phe at position 241）.
The cells are positive for keratin by immunoperoxidase staining.
The line is positive for expression of c-myc, K-ras, H-ras, N-ras, myb, sis ａnd fos oncogenes.
N-myc oncogene expression was not detected.
Tumor specific nuclear matrix proteins CC-2, CC-3, CC-4, CC-5 ａnd CC-6 are expressed.
A culture of unknown passage submitted to the ATCC in 1979 was found to be contaminated with Mycoplasma hyorhinis. The cells were subsequently cured using a combination of antibiotics over a 12-week cultivation period.
Following treatment, the cells were assayed by the Hoechst stain weekly ａnd by the standard culture test periodically. During 11 consecutive months of cultivation in the absence of antibiotics, all of these tests were negative.
Propagation:  ATCC complete growth medium: The base medium for this cell line is ATCC-formulated RPMI-1640 Medium, Catalog No. 30-2001. To make the complete growth medium, add the following components to the base medium: fetal bovine serum to a final concentration of 10%.
Temperature: 37.0°C
Subculturing:  Protocol: Remove medium, ａnd rinse with 0.25% trypsin, 0.53 mM EDTA solution. Remove the solution ａnd add an additional 1 to 2 ml of trypsin-EDTA solution. Allow the flask to sit at room temperature （or at 37C） until the cells detach. Add fresh culture medium, aspirate ａnd dispense into new culture flasks.
Subcultivation Ratio: A subcultivation ratio of 1:3 to 1:10 is recommended
Medium Renewal: 2 to 3 times per week
Preservation:  Freeze medium: Complete growth medium 95%; DMSO, 5%
Storage temperature: liquid nitrogen vapor temperature
Related Products: Recommended medium （without the additional supplements or serum described under ATCC Medium）:ATCC 30-2001
recommended serum:ATCC 30-2020
References: 22147: Chen TR, et al. Intercellular karyotypic similarity in near-diploid cell lines of human tumor origins. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 10: 351-362, 1983. PubMed: 6652615
22417: Chen TR, et al. DLD-1 ａnd HCT-15 cell lines derived separately from colorectal carcinomas have totally different chromosome changes but the same genetic origin. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 81: 103-108, 1995. PubMed: 7621404
22861: Trainer DL, et al. Biological characterization ａnd oncogene expression in human colorectal carcinoma cell lines. Int. J. Cancer 41: 287-296, 1988. PubMed: 3338874
23033: Dexter DL, et al. N,N-dimethylformamide-induced alteration of cell culture characteristics ａnd loss of tumorigenicity in cultured human colon carcinoma cells. Cancer Res. 39: 1020-1025, 1979. PubMed: 427742
23322: Rodrigues NR, et al. p53 mutations in colorectal cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 7555-7559, 1990. PubMed: 1699228
23341: Keesee SK, et al. Nuclear matrix proteins in human colon cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 1913-1916, 1994. PubMed: 8127905
32794: Kutchera W, et al. Protaglandin H synthase 2 is expressed abnormally in human colon cancer: evidence for a transcriptional effect. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93: 4816-4820, 1996. PubMed: 8643486
46971: Vermeulen SJ, et al. Did the four human cancer cell lines DLD-1, HCT-15, HCT-8, ａnd HRT-18 originate from one ａnd the same patient?. Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 107: 76-79, 1998. PubMed: 9809040 
DLD-1 人结直肠腺癌上皮细胞
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人淋巴母细胞 T2（174×CEM.T2） CRL-1992
大鼠心肌细胞 H9C2（2-1） CRL-1446
LM-3 人肝癌细胞系
猪鼻甲黏膜成纤维细胞 PT-K75 CRL-2528
小鼠胰腺癌细胞 LTPA CRL-2389
大鼠胰腺癌细胞 DSL-6A/C1  CRL-2132
小鼠骨髓瘤B淋巴细胞 SP2/MIL-6 CRL-2016
大鼠脑间质细胞 DI TNC1 CRL-2005
小鼠肌原细胞 C2C12 CRL-1772
鹌鹑纤维肉瘤细胞 QT6 CRL-1708
大鼠回肠细胞 IEC-18 CRL-1589
非洲绿猴肾细胞 VERO C1008 [Vero 76, clone E6, Vero E6]  CRL-1586
人成纤维细胞 Hs 738.St/Int CRL-7869
人正常前列腺上皮细胞 WPE-int CRL-2888
人正常前列腺成肌纤维细胞 WPMY-1 CRL-2854
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人胰腺癌细胞 Panc 05.04 CRL-2557
人胰腺癌细胞 Panc 04.03  CRL-2555
人胰腺癌细胞 Panc 02.03 CRL-2553
人胰腺癌细胞 Panc 08.13 CRL-2551
人胰腺癌细胞 Panc 03.27 CRL-2549
人胰腺癌细胞 Panc 10.05 CRL-2547
人肝癌细胞 SNU-398  CRL-2233
人成神经瘤细胞-骨髓 SK-N-DZ CRL-2149
人胰腺癌细胞 HPAC CRL-2119
人胰腺癌细胞 HPAF-II CRL-1997
人黑色素瘤细胞 A375.S2 CRL-1872
人脐静脉内皮细胞 HUV-EC-C CRL-1730
人黑素瘤细胞 WM-266-4 CRL-1676
人膀胱癌细胞 HT-1376  CRL-1472
人正常前列腺上皮细胞 RWPE-2 CRL-11610
人正常前列腺上皮细胞 RWPE-1 CRL-11609
鸡胚胎成纤维细胞 UMNSAH/DF-1 CRL-12203
人乳腺癌细胞 MDA-MB-231 HTB-26
小鼠巨噬细胞 RAW 264.7 TIB-71
人横纹肌肉瘤细胞 A-204 HTB-82
人胰腺癌细胞 Capan-2  HTB-80
人胰腺癌细胞 Capan-1 HTB-79
人乳腺导管癌细胞 MDA-MB-435S HTB-129
人胃癌细胞 Hs 746T HTB-135
人肺腺癌细胞 NCI-H441 [H441] HTB-174
人骨髓瘤细胞 U266  TIB-196
人结肠癌细胞 NCI-H716 [H716] CCL-251
人多形性恶性胶质瘤 T98G [T98-G] CRL-1690
人神经母细胞瘤细胞 BE（2）-C CRL-2268
人肾透明细胞癌细胞 Caki-2 HTB-47
人皮肤成纤维细胞 Hs 865.Sk CRL-7601
LM-3 人肝癌细胞系CA46 人淋巴瘤细胞系
CRL-5826 NCI-H226 人肺鳞癌细胞系
Tca-8113 人舌鳞癌细胞
MA-891 小鼠乳腺癌高转移细胞
U14 小鼠宫颈癌细胞
CRL-9518 L5178Y 小鼠淋巴瘤细胞
HTB-112 HEC-1-A 人子宫内膜腺癌细胞
HTB-113 HEC-1-B 人子宫内膜腺癌细胞
AN3 CA 人子宫内膜腺癌细胞
ROS1728 大鼠成骨细胞
CRL-6323 B16F1 小鼠黑色素瘤细胞
HTB-58 SK-MES-1 人肺鳞癌细胞
CCL-127 IMR-32 人神经母细胞瘤细胞
HTB-79 Capan-2 人胰腺癌细胞
BALL-1 人B淋巴细胞急性白血病细胞
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WB-F344  大鼠肝干细胞
CRL-1715 TM4  正常小鼠睾丸细胞
CRL-2539 4T1 小鼠乳腺癌细胞
CRL-1442 BRL-3A 大鼠肝细胞 
BRL 大鼠肝细胞
RSC96大鼠雪旺细胞
Isk 人子宫内膜癌细胞
HTB-113 hec-1-b 人子宫内膜腺癌细胞
PLA-802?人恶性横纹肌肉瘤
Pt-K2 袋鼠肾细胞
BS-C-1 非洲绿猴肾细胞
A498人肾癌细胞
3AO人卵巢癌细胞
DLD-1 人结直肠腺癌上皮细胞